1-   Sublevel (d) has 5 orbitals.

2-   Sublevel (f) has 7 orbitals.

3-   Orbitals of the same sub level are equal in energy and shape.

 

Ex:  p_x = p_y = p_z

 

4-   No of orbitals in each E. level = square order of E. level = n².

 

1-         Spin Q. No (ms):

·         Detects the direction in which the electron spins around its axis during its rotation around the nucleus.

·         Each orbital can be saturated by 2 electrons, one electron spins around its axis clockwise while the other electron spins anti – clockwise in order to from 2 opposite magnetic fields to decrease the force of repulsion between them which keep the atom stable.

·         It has only two possible values + 1/2 – 1/2

 

 

 

 

 

Give reason: Each orbital carries 2 electrons although they are negatively charged.

 

Summary of the relationship between the principle E.L, sub levels orbitals and no of electrons:

 

1-   No of energy sublevels = order of principle level (n).

2-   No of orbitals within a principle level = square the no of the level (n²).

3-   No of electrons occupying a given E. level = two times the square order of this

                                                                   level (2n²).